Sobre la justicia

Justicia:
Principio moral que inclina a obrar y juzgar respetando la verdad y dando a cada uno lo que le corresponde.
(DLE: Diccionario de la Lengua Española)

Si la justicia es igual para todos, no es justicia.

(Ibrahim S. Lerak, Cuaderno de Notas)

Una vez más me llamó S.M. a horas intempestivas. Se ve que es cuando, acabado el día, recapitula y medita. Las llamadas de S.M. por la noche suelen ser por temas filosóficos y me impiden dormir, pero como fiel súbdito acudo, escucho y digo la mía aunque no sea una opinión que le agrade. Me requiere para que diga lo que pienso, no para alabarle. 

Esta vez no fue diferente, nada más llegar me espetó: ¿Es mi reino justo? ¿Hay justicia en el pueblo? ... Y me lió. ¿Qué iba a decirle de madrugada? Pues lo que llevaba dentro. 

Majestad, la justicia se define como un valor determinado como bien común por la sociedad. Nació de la necesidad de mantener la armonía entre sus integrantes y por lo tanto es el conjunto de pautas y criterios que establecen un marco adecuado para las relaciones sociales. También podríamos decir como en Roma que Iustitia est constans et perpetua voluntas ius suum cuique tribuendi, «La justicia es la constante y perpetua voluntad de dar (conceder) a cada uno su derecho». Precisamente éste es el problema: conceder a cada uno su derecho. Hay que determinar cual es ése derecho y si todos tienen los mismos derechos y obligaciones, incluido el estado, Majestad. 

Permitidme citar al presidente Lincoln y como él, afirmar que la más estricta justicia no es siempre la mejor política. Pedimos a los súbditos que vivan honestamente, que no hagan daño a nadie y que crean en una justicia que da a cada uno lo que le corresponde. Un problema sin duda, porque la vara de medir depende de quien mide y de quien es medido. ¿Tiene el mismo castigo el robo de una barra de pan cuando se hace por necesidad o por simple diversión y ganas de no pagar? Si la ley castiga el robo debe hacerlo en general, sin entrar en detalles. Dura lex, sed lex por seguir con los romanos y sin embargo no es justa si la condena es la misma en ambos casos. Depende entonces la aplicación y su consideración de un juez, que es humano, con emociones y vivencias diferentes a otros jueces. La ley es justa cuando no aplica la misma pena al delito en sí y tiene en cuenta las circunstancias, pero es injusta cuando depende de un administrador que la aplica diferente que otro. 

Por otra parte, no todos los hombres son iguales. Unos han desarrollado más ciertas habilidades que otros. Sus capacidades son diferentes y por ello sus obligaciones reales y morales también han de serlo. Si la justicias es la misma para todos, entonces, Majestad, no es justicia. La justicia tiene que ser renovada y pensada más equitativa y radicalmente. Hay que extender la justicia a ámbitos de vida que no han sido considerados, hemos de poder hablar de justicia sexual, económica, de acceso al conocimiento, de justicia meta-social. Y todo ello sin dejarnos llevar por la voz del pueblo. La voz de la mayoría no es prueba de justicia. Las masas rara vez son justas y siempre son emotivas. Ser bueno, ser condescendiente es fácil, lo difícil es ser justo en cada momento. 

Incluso en los países en los que la población menor de 40 años es mayoritaria la justicia ha de ir a remolque de las costumbres sociales. No puede avanzarse en exceso a ellas porque éstas se han de consolidar y ser algo más que una moda. Por ello hay que trabajar en lo nuevo y aligerar las condenas de lo viejo si es que han perdido actualidad. No puede ser la justicia la misma y mucho menos la pena en una sociedad como Asiria bajo Hammurabi o la actual en Occidente, ni ésta comparada con la de Oriente. Toda justicia se debe medir en un entorno social y en una época determinada. Ni es tiempo del ojo por ojo ni es tiempo de mantener la esclavitud bajo cualquier forma que ésta haya evolucionado. Pero las formas cambian y por tanto la justicia ha de cambiar, igual que las penas. La justicia no debe ser simplemente racional, pero no puede ser emotiva; ha de ser simplemente humanística sin diferir grandemente de un veredicto a otro o al menos los precedentes no deben ser tomados en consideración ya que cada caso es único, como lo son los jueces, los encausados y los acusadores.

Me preguntáis si hay justicia en el reino, temo que la respuesta es ni sí ni no, sino todo lo contrario. Hay leyes que se cumplen mal, leyes que se incumplen y jueces que opinan pero no interpretan las leyes. El sistema es lento y pesado. Sin embargo los derechos mínimos están salvaguardados por la justicia. La justicia no está en quiebra, pero lo estará si no se actúa rápido y se recuerda que para ser justos las leyes no se deben aplicar igual a todos. 

Una vez más S.M. me despidió con la mirada y se quedó meditando. Creo que entendió que el juez debe tener el libro de la ley en la mano y el entendimiento en el corazón, aunque yo preferiría que repasara los Proverbios de la Biblia y se fijara en aquello de Rey que juzga con equidad a los humildes, su trono afianzará para siempre.

Poor, old man's soul

Four features correspond to judge: Listen politely, respond wisely, prudently weigh and decide impartially. (Socrates)  
One gram of kindness is worth more than a ton of intellect.  (A. Jodorowsky)
Be as sweet as honey and the flies will eat you up. (Spanish Saying)

Once upon a time... a poor, old farmer lived in a small village in central Europe and cultivated the land for his landlord. He never was rich and died practically in misery. His life was normal for the time and for what he was. Lived, and could not marry due to a hump that appeared at the age of 25 and was seen as an evil eye or hex, probably due to some impure thought he had with the landlord's daughter.

In his life he didn't seem to do anything special, neither good nor evil, was only one more of the poor serfs that blasphemed against God for having forgotten him, but also helped when necessary. Grim and eternally dissatisfied had a strict sense of justice even-though he saw that justice is not blind but one eyed. His life was grey and not too easy. When he was about to die cursed against destiny and God for the many years of work without more reward than to survive. To his burial came neighbors but also some other people that were considered nosy people by the other serfs.

As it could not be different the devil was ready to take his soul and bring it directly to hell when St. Peter reminded him that all souls have the right of judgement, so they went to the Lord to determine if heaven or hell would be its last destiny. Satan started his speech to show that hell was the only possibility for the soul as the farmer was a known blaspheme all his life long. 

-- My Lord, in fact I don't even know why we are here discussing such a case. Obviously Peter is getting old and persnickety. This man here has never been religious; since the age of 25 has never been in a church to glorify you, has never made a single thing except being blaspheme till the end of his long days on Earth. In your mercy you have given him a long life to have the opportunity to glorify his only one God and love him above all things, and what has he done? Not only not be attentive to the laws of the church You have left behind to guide people, but has worked on holidays and never honored his parents; shall I speak about his impure dreams with the landlord's daughter and other women? What about the part of "thou shall not covet what is not yours? Or maybe should we remember how he killed two people that only wanted something to eat? I keep a list of all his sins, and I must admit in benefice of Peter that there is only one of the commandments that he didn't break: he never gave false testimony, but is this enough to save a soul? Lord you have given him a long life and blessed him with poverty and deformity to encourage him to look for the absolute truth that has as reward the glory of paradise and he hasn't done anything in this sense. Is a clear case, don't let us lose precious time only because Peter is getting old!

And the Lord addressed to Saint Peter and asked him to speak.

-- Adonai, I may be getting old, 2000 years of daily work may have made me more fussy but not blind or inequitable. It is true all what Lucifer presents but as always is only an interested, partial, vision of reality and hides the truth. This man never knew his parents, was left in abandon with one week and an old couple raised him. With them he grew uneducated as most of his pairs. He only knew about sacrifice, about working for others, independently of the weather and the day. True he worked most of the holy days... to feed the family and other neighbors. It is also true that he has never honored his parents. How can a man do such thing when his own parents disowned him leaving him at the doors of a cenobium and even so he has been attentive to poor families that couldn't feet their children and has given the leftovers of his food instead of throwing it away or feed animals?  My Lord you have blessed all humanity with the desire to be immortals and so be better each time and proof themselves. You have done it imbuing in them the sexual desire and and the capacity to imagine a better world; where is the problem for a humped man to dream of liberation without doing evil and taking from his dreams the capacity to survive and fight in life without invoking Satan? This is what really flares up Lucifer! I could continue and make a long speech, but I will only point out one item: The people present in his burial were certainly neighbors and some people that were considered nosy people but were in reality people that he never knew and even so they were in debt with him, either because he helped them giving the leftovers or the boys the looked at him and understood that in life not all is aspect, and that willingness and love are much more important even if love is not shown due to fear of rejection. People who understood that blasphemy is a sin only if it has behind the intention to offend, as most of the sins. He has followed the essence of the living rules you left to humanity so they stay together. Religions are this, the first laws of peaceful coexistence given by a power that nobody should discuss. This poor man was not a murderer, not a thief, not an idolater and has survived at his best way without disturbing and helping. True he killed two people, but our wise fallen angel is hiding that it was his life or their life when they attacked him to steal his money and his working tools. His place, Adonai, is heaven.

Lucifer and Saint Peter waited the Lord to judge and God manifested:

-- Both of you are right he never was active worshiping me nor observing attentively The Law, my law. He could have observed the commandments but preferred to sacrifice himself and do something for the others. He could have preferred to increase fortune by feeding more pigs or animals but provided for the necessity of the others knowing that even giving practically nothing this allows people to survive. Sublimate and transform desire into positive energy is a creation on Mankind that enables them to convert the dreams into reality. And what is more important he loved despite his deformity. And love, even not clearly expressed is the key to Heaven. Let him in. He deserves Paradise.